American Culture, English And American Literature, And...

Holding degrees in American Culture, English and American Literature, and English, Dr. Neil Foley specializes in the evolving components of race and social identity in what he calls the Borderlands: Mexico and the American West. The White Scourge: Mexicans, Blacks, and Poor Whites in Texas Cotton Culture bridges the gap between the narratives of two Borderlands histories, that of African-Americans and southern history, and that of Mexican-Americans and southwestern history. Looking at Texas, and specifically the area from Dallas in the north, Corpus Christi in the south, San Antonio in the west, and Houston in the east, Foley analyzes how Mexicans, blacks, and poor whites maneuvered and dealt with the racial space in this Borderlands province of cotton culture during the first half of the twentieth century. To Foley, this area of central Texas provides an exceptional example of Borderlands interactions because of the nature of cotton culture as compared to plantation farming in other parts of the South. Cotton farming in central Texas relied on mostly white share tenants, and mostly black or Mexican sharecroppers. Migrant Mexican labor was also used to harvest crops. These three standards produced complex configurations as Mexicans began competing with blacks for more work and both competed with whites for tenancy. Although a southern state, Foley considers Texas â€Å"the west† of â€Å"the south.† Exposed to relationships between blacks and whites, The White Scourge begins with

The Effects Of Addiction On Adolescent Development

The Effects of Addiction on Adolescent Development Adolescence is a time where adolescents grow and mature at a rapid rate. It is also a time where adolescents are more vulnerable to taking risks, such as using and becoming addicted to illegal substances, due to raging hormones. Whether or not an adolescent chooses to engage in drug use and abuse depends on their home environment and those they choose to associate themselves with. Adolescents are confronted with an enormous amount of pressure to participate in risky behaviors by their peers. According to Broderick and Blewitt (2015), â€Å"risky behaviors are behaviors that constitute a departure from socially accepted norms or behaviors that pose a threat to the well-being of individuals or groups† (p. 389). One such risky behavior is drug use and addiction. Some adolescents use cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and prescription drugs in order to get â€Å"high†. Adolescents who engage in drug use are likely to become addicted, and thus, their addiction will negatively affect their brain development. Relationship between Child Abuse and Addiction Child abuse and addiction are interrelated. Adolescents who were abused as children are more likely to give into peer pressure and engage in risky behaviors, such as drug use and addiction due to abnormalities in brain function and development. Abuse causes undo stress on a child. Some children develop PTSD, which follows them into adolescence. According to Bremner (2006), â€Å"brain regionsShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On Adolescents957 Words   |  4 PagesAddiction in Adolescence Every human being is unique, however, at some point in our lives we encounter similar experiences. The majority of all of us will go through the teenage stage and being a teenager is extremely complex and a difficult phase. Teenagers experience physiological, social, emotional and psychological changes. All of these changes are going to be shaped uniquely by the teenager’s unique genetic composition, brain development, environment, cultural background and the community influencesRead MoreEffects Of Adolescent Addiction On Adolescence And Local And The United States News About Adolescence Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction in Adolescent Years The essay concerns itself with the questions Addictions in Adolescence. Wong, Hall, Justice, and Hernandez, 2015) state that adolescence distinctly determined by the beginning of puberty. The professional also allude that early onset of puberty is most likely to partaken in dangerous activities such as multiple sex partners, alcohol dependence, and inappropriate adaptive styles. In this essay, I will discuss my finding of current contributions and treatments of adolescentRead MoreAdolescence And Addictions : Addiction And Addiction894 Words   |  4 PagesAdolescence and Addictions Adolescence that are faced with drug addictions are considered addicts with undeniable habits of drug use and little to no concerns of long term effects on the brain. Most drug additions whether prescription, narcotic, or alcohol, causes detrimental effect on the brain that impacts ones behaviors and thought process in making precise decisions in daily activities. Brain diseases are rapid among drug users for long periods of time that in turn can destroy the ones opportunityRead MoreEssay Adolescent Internet Addiction 1631 Words   |  7 Pagesmouse. For adolescents the internet can help with schoolwork, but it also provides a platform for communication and entertainment with the world. Because relationships, information and gaming are readily available, it is possible for adolescents to become addicted to the internet and what it offers. The desire to be connected to the internet can inhibit an adolescent’s social, school and personal life and the causes, symptoms, research, treatment and prevention of adolescent internet addiction are essentialRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Addictions Among Adolescence947 Words   |  4 Pagesand Addictions Among Adolescence Substance abuse and addictions among adolescence is a problem among this age group. Adolescents go through major stages in life and are faced with stressful issues that can lead to experimenting with drugs. Experimenting with drugs can lead to for an adolescent to abuse the substance as well becoming addicted. Not only can a adolescent can become addicted to a substance but he or she can have issues with the brain developing properly. Spiritual development can helpRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Addiction On Children1506 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction When an individual is struggling with drug addiction problems, the family is affected physically, mentally, and emotionally. The disease not only changes the addict’s whole life, but it changes the lives of their family members as parents get torn apart from themselves and each other. The role of each family member begins to shape around what is in the best interest of the addict. This research paper is an overview of the effects that raising a drug addicted child has on parent’s abilityRead MoreNotes On Adolescence And Substance Use Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between adolescences and alcohol use, and the effect that alcohol have on the developing brain. As well as, how a healthy spiritual development can effect substance use in adolescences. In addition, it will discuss the issue of local drug or alcohol use, and examine the presence of drugs or alcohol within the community. Finally, it will examine and analyze the issue and possible treatments. Relationship between Abuse and Addiction in Adolescence Drugs and alcohol still remain a majorRead MoreDrug Abuse And Adolescent Risky Behavior884 Words   |  4 PagesAddiction in Adolescence Introduction All addictions begin with risk taking. So, why is it that adolescents have such an attraction to risky behaviors? According to Broderick (2013), adolescents have a high propensity for sensation seeking (novel experiences) and seem to be willing to put themselves at risk in order to have these novel experiences (p. 392). This essay will attempt to discuss how the brain is developing, being impacted, and, how spiritual development effects adolescent risky behaviorRead MoreAddiction To Social Media Addiction736 Words   |  3 Pagesthe effects vary from person to person; adolescents and persons with narcissistic traits are the most commonly affected, while depression is the biggest identifier it is also being the most common side effect. While social media has become the prominent communication medium of the day, as a society we have commonly avoided the fact that social media is as addictive as any substance in existence. Even though it is now know that social media is addictive, proven by The Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale(BFAS)Read MoreEssay on Effects of Internet Use on Adolescents Development 1181 Words   |  5 Pagestechnology and the Internet are useful tools to get information fast, the increasing use of the Internet by adolescents is taking a toll on their physical and emotional development. This increase in use of the Internet is causing several health issues in adolescents; these include problems with nutrition, exercise, and unhealthy sleep patterns, all of which can lead to a multitude of adolescent developmental concerns. [Diet/Nutrition] Adolescence is a time in ones life when many radical developmental

To Build a Fire Mans Intelligence is Foolish Essay Example For Students

To Build a Fire: Mans Intelligence is Foolish Essay To Build a Fire: Mans Intelligence is Foolish Essay How many times have you seen birds flying south for the winter? They do not read somewhere or use some computer to know that they must fly to survive. In Jack Londons To Build a Fire, we see how that mans intelligence is sometimes foolish. The man, who is walking in seventy-five degrees below zero weather, lets his learned behavior override his instinct. Therefore, he dies. Londons theme is that no matter how intelligent society becomes, we as a species should never discard our basic instincts. In the beginning of the tale we see that the man realizes it is cold, but only sees this as a fact and not a danger. The man spit on the ground to test how cold it was. His test taught him that it was colder than he had first thought, but he never thought of that as a danger only as a reality. That there should be anything more to it than that was a thought that never entered his head (119). To many times modern man plods along oblivious to the reality that lies one moment or misstep away (Votleler 272). The man sees that he is feeling the effects of the cold more and more as he goes along, but more than ever he pushes on. Several times he comments that the cold is making his hands and feet numbed, and frostbite is killing his cheeks. He thinks What were frosted cheek? A bit painful, that was all. . . (120). Again he chose to ignore an instinct that would have saved him. The dog, on the other hand, although guided by his learned behavior still retains his instincts. The dog follows the man throughout his ill faded journey, but after the man perishes he relies upon his instincts to survive. This is witnessed in the last paragraph by the statement Then it turned and trotted up the trail in the direction of the camp it knew, where there were other food providers and fire providers (129). The theme of Londons To Build a Fire is how we should all take heed to modern knowledge and learned behavior has its benefits, but our primal instincts should never have ignored. The man in the story had lots of knowledge but neglected to pay attention to his sixth sense. The dog on the other hand, followed as long as he could but then let his instincts carry him to safety. We can never have enough knowledge to replace the survival skill that nature has provided us. .

Trade Unions History

Table of Contents Introduction Origin of Trade Unions Reasons for Formation Trade Union Networks How It Has Been Formed and Grown Trade Unions and Networks References Introduction Trade Unions have been established across the world to advocate and increase economic growth and development. By definition, Trade union is an organization of employees or workers who mutually come together to achieve a specific goal. By embracing strong governance, trade unions aim at; improving working conditions, aiding in recruitment and selection of workers, instilling discipline in the workforce, settling of industrial disputes or aiding in social adjustment (Schmidt, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Trade Unions History specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper traces the history of Trade Unions and the structure of the network it encompassed. The paper also explores the reasons for its inception and describes an open type of the network it has endeavored to preserve. It also elaborates how the organization was formed and developed. Lastly, the paper explains the importance of Trade Union in present day and gives details on the social values it offer to its target customers. Origin of Trade Unions History traces the origin of Trade Unions in Europe. They were acknowledged to enhance the interests of workers especially during the industrial revolutions (Schmidt, 2007). The primary network, which characterized Trade Union, at this time was open network. They interacted with its immediate environment to generate needed output to guide their activities. Schmidt (2007) asserts that, trade Unions succeeded guilts. Guilts were a variety of informal organization which existed during the medieval Europe. Though, guilts and Trade Unions, possessed slight resemblance, the connection of the two elements is still largely disputed as asserted by Musson (2006). A medieval guild was primarily established to pre serve and encourage members’ living standards. They did this by controlling wealth of artisanship and sustaining member’s progression from one level to the next. England restrained Trade Unions in mid- 14th century, when it enacted the ordinance of laborers. This legislation stood until the mid-19th century when they began again to operate (Musson, 2006). The formation of Trade Union during Medieval times in Europe was necessitated by the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution had brought about many undesirable effects to the workforce. Such effects included; employee mistreatment, low pay, poor working conditions among others. Thus, lack of mutual mechanism to advocate for workers right to better treatment contributed to the birth of Trade Union Movement (Marsh, 1979). In Britain, Trade unions were restricted to about 5% of the working population. During this time, the existing Trade Unions were mostly unskilled and unverified in the Britain law. This implie d that, an employer or the government of the time could fire or sack a worker without being questioned.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The early pattern of Trade Union consisted of; skilled workers, artisans who could ably pay the high- subscription fee needed (Marsh, 1979). Overtime, Trade Unions have grown with strong leadership and have played an important role in improving social and economic well- being of its members her functions. Reasons for Formation Trade unions were formed in order to achieve specific functions. One of the reasons for initiation was to increase militant role. Militant function was aimed at improving general working conditions of employees. This culture has been cultivated and has made it simple for employees to receive adequate remuneration; better employment terms and safer working conditions. In addition, trade unions were incepted to promote t he fraternal role. Trade unions recognize the necessity of strengthening employee and employer relations because most of an individual life is spend while working thus fraternal concept necessitated the parties concerned to complement each other in times of; need, improve efficiency and maintain cordial working relationship. Present Trade unions have enhanced this relationship of cooperation and friendly relations whereas diffusing training and moral values among its members. Fraternal role has endeavored to exist in legal assistance if a need arises. Political reasons also contributed to the formation of Trade Unions. The political domination by many nations contributed to employer employee victimization, thus; Trade Unions realized the need to have a body which can preserve the employee-employer relationship whereas improving. Modern Trade Unions have enhanced political interests thus have grown to become major political parties wherever they started thus influencing public polici es on issues linked with concern of the working class. Trade Union Networks Trade Unions exist in an open network. An open system allows an entity to interact with its immediate surroundings for it to survive. Hence, it devours resources and disseminates resources to its immediate surroundings (Lockard, 2010). Thus, the entity must attempt to persistently change and acclimatize to the context in which it operates. Trade Unions have extensive member subscriptions thus they keep on interacting to improve instantaneous information flow directly from the top leadership in the hierarchy to the bottom (Todeva, 2006). Interaction has also influenced by information’s systems which allows multiple inputs to be outputted in the least time possible.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Trade Unions History specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How It Has Been Formed and Grown Memberships to in medieval Trade Unions were few. Perhaps, this was due to lack of Information or low pay and higher subscription fee being levied. However, the management hierarchy consisted of fellow workers who had limited skills and experience in straightening the Union. But modern Trade Unions possess strong leadership tailored towards achieving the desired goals. One of the factors which have progressed Trade Union Growth is the; sustained and immense bargaining power they have. Trade Unions have shown aptness in negotiating a dispute arising among employee–employer relationships rather than leaving negotiation power to an individual (Carton, 2003). Secondly, the continued expansion of trade unions has been attributed to representing the voices of employees (Carton, 2003). Trade unions have provided an opportunity where employees’ ideas, opinions and feelings are discussed and shared. The union too has aptly relayed the same to management of affected bodies, thus, the collective voice of employees has been heard by management and appropriate policy or measures taken. Trade Unions have maintained its success by advocating for equal employment and minimizing discrimination in employment. The decision in relation to work, pay, promotion and transfer are majorly subjective (Ness, 1998). This sometimes results in favoritism and to larger extent discrimination. Trade unions have been in the forefront of alleviating this degeneracy by compelling the management to pinpoint personnel policies that advocate for equality among workers. Besides, it has subjected all labor decisions under its discretion thus limiting favoritism and discrimination. Last but not the least, trade unions have grown because of its standards of securing employees fears. Trade unions ensure that employees are protected from unpredictable hazards and insecurity resulting from; illness, injury or other forms of accident while on duty (Ness, 1998). Besides, it secures the employee retirement benefit and can compel the management to set up pension schemes for the benefit of the workers. Trade Union in Present SocietyAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Trade Unions in present society has typically retrenched in public sectors than private sector (Ness, 1998). Though they have contributed greatly in delivering credible services and enhanced membership, Trade Unions in the public sector have become belligerent and have failed to perceive the tone of the public in cases such as; strikes and so forth (McConville, 1986). The management teams have also divorced from real issues of members and the larger public by awarding themselves huge pay package. Trade unions have grown and multiplied in the same establishment. This has been as a result of external leadership and similar labor laws. Most countries have created laws that allow small unions to exist thus, even a limited number, let’s say seven can join and form a trade union. The existence of multiple Trade Union in a similar establishment always has led to inter-union rivals’ hence affecting the quality of service (McConville, 1986). Though external leadership has progr essed most trade Unions, they have contributed to poor delivery of service to members. This is because these members themselves are not legitimate workers; i.e. these people can be politicians, or intellectuals hence they fail to understand the needs or they don’t have appropriate experience to manage unions. Trade Unions and Networks Trade Unions have contributed in strengthening ties within the workers and businesses. We can infer that, Trade unions are social enterprise network (Lockard, 2010). Trade unions in embracing the social responsibility have contributed in mobilization of the workforce to demand for a given cause. This can be in terms of improving better working conditions, pay rise, employment regulation among others. They can also advocate for a given political purpose using social networking platforms such as facebook, twitter to express their social demands such as exploitations and poor economic structures in the jurisdiction where they exist (Todeva, 2006). References Carton, R., M., 2003. Trade Unions and Management: Developing A Partnership, Spiro Press, Tennessee Lockard, C., A., 2010. Societies, Networks, and Transitions, History: Since 1450: A Global, Cengage Learning, Connecticut Marsh, A., I., 1979. Trade Union Handbook: A Guide and Directory to The Structure, Membership, Policy, And Personnel Of The British Trade Unions, Taylor Francis, New York McConville, B., 1986.The Role of Trade Unions, Macdonald, New York Musson, A., E., 2006. Trade Union and Social History, Taylor Francis Group, New York Ness, I., 1998. Trade unions and the betrayal of the unemployed: labor conflicts during the 1990s, Garland Pub, Texas Schmidt, V., (2007). Trade Union Responses to Globalization: A Review By The Global Union Research Network, International Labour Office, Michigan Todeva, E., 2006. Business networks: strategy and structure, Taylor Francis, New York This essay on Trade Unions History was written and submitted by user Makai Guy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.